CLIMATE OF INDIA
EL NINO AND SOUTHERN OSCILLATIONS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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FAR Western Pacific
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Central Pacific
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Western Pacific
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none of above
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Detailed explanation-1: -What is El Niño? By changing the distribution of heat and wind across the Pacific, El Niño alters rainfall patterns for months to seasons. As the warm ocean surface warms the atmosphere above it, moisture-rich air rises and develops into rain clouds.
Detailed explanation-2: -El Niño also has a strong effect on marine life off the Pacific coast. During normal conditions, upwelling brings water from the depths to the surface; this water is cold and nutrient rich. During El Niño, upwelling weakens or stops altogether.
Detailed explanation-3: -Normal Conditions Normally, sea surface temperature is about 14°F higher in the Western Pacific than the waters off South America. This is due to the trade winds blowing from east to west along the equator allowing the upwelling of cold, nutrient rich water from deeper levels off the northwest coast of South America.
Detailed explanation-4: -During an El Niño event, the surface of the tropical Pacific Ocean gets warmer than usual, particularly at the equator and along the coasts of South and Central America. Warm oceans lead to low pressure systems in the atmosphere above, which in turn leads to a lot of rain for the western coasts of the Americas.