INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Indus Valley was protected by the Hindu Kush mountains in the west and the Himalayas in the east. Seasonal winds called monsoons greatly influenced life in the Indus River Valley.

Detailed explanation-2: -City Walls Each city in the Indus Valley was surrounded by massive walls and gateways. The walls were built to control trade and also to stop the city from being flooded. Each part of the city was made up of walled sections.

Detailed explanation-3: -Citadels in Indus Valley were almost 12 meters tall. The purpose of these structures, however, remains debated. Though the structures found in the ruins of Mohenjo-daro were walled, it is far from clear that these structures were defensive against enemy attacks. Rather, they may have been built to divert flood waters.

Detailed explanation-4: -To the east, the valley meets the Thar Desert. To the south, the valley meets the Arabian Sea. This means that on all side, the Indus Valley was protected by mountains, deserts, and water, which operated as natural barriers against invasion from conquering peoples.