INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -As altitude increases, temperature decreases. Various factors are responsible for this, including air pressure and water-vapour content. With every 100 metres, the temperature drops by an average of 0.65°C. Where the air is very dry, such as in an area of high pressure, the air can cool by almost 1°C per 100 metres.

Detailed explanation-2: -Temperature increases as you gain altitude in the stratosphere and the thermosphere. Temperature decreases as you gain altitude in the troposphere and mesosphere.

Detailed explanation-3: -Temperature decreases with altitude because the troposphere is warmed from below, through absorption and re-emission of incoming solar radiation by the Earth’s surface, rather than being warmed from above by incoming solar radiation.

Detailed explanation-4: -Temperature in the stratosphere rises with increasing altitude, because the ozone layer absorbs the greater part of the solar ultraviolet radiation. The ozone layer is an absorbing agent that protects life on Earth.

Detailed explanation-5: -As altitude decreases, the amount of air over a unit area increases. Therefore, the atmospheric pressure will increase due to the high amount of air molecules.