INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -Iron is a non-metallic mineral. Asia, China and India have iron ore deposits. Gold is found in Kolar in Kerala. Minerals are the backbone of industrialisation.

Detailed explanation-2: -Petroleum and natural gas occur far below the earth’s surface. Deep wells are bored to take them out, this is called drilling (Fig 3.4). Minerals that lie near the surface are simply dug out, by the process known as quarrying.

Detailed explanation-3: -As per the chapter, Mineral and Power Resources Class 8 notes, Minerals occur in different types of rocks like igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks and sedimentary rocks. Generally metallic minerals are found in igneous and metamorphic rock formations that form large plateaus.

Detailed explanation-4: -Mining is a process of extraction or taking out minerals from rocks under the earth’s surface. In open-cast mining, minerals lying at shallow depths are taken out by removing the surface layer. In shaft mining, deep bores (called shafts) are made to reach mineral deposits lying at large depths.