INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -Lichens are composite organisms (fungus and algae) Mosses and lichens are primarily found in temperate environments such as the tundra regions. These plants make up the majority of the vegetation in the tundra region. They provide food for animals such as reindeer.

Detailed explanation-2: -The arctic finger lichen (Dactylina arctica) can usually be found in mossy tundra, often in late snowmelt areas.

Detailed explanation-3: -Instead, the tundra has patchy, low-to-ground vegetation consisting of small shrubs, grasses, mosses, sedges, and lichens, all of which are better adapted to withstand tundra conditions.

Detailed explanation-4: -Survival of Lichens in Harsh Climates The algae, with the protection of the fungi’s filaments, can grow in a much drier place than if it were on its own. Because of this, lichens can tolerate extreme climates like dry, arid deserts and freezing tundra.

Detailed explanation-5: -In tundra systems, soil-borne lichens are often the dominant groundcover organisms, and act to buffer microclimate extremes within or at the surface of the soil.