INDIAN GEOGRAPHY

Detailed explanation-1: -The Portuguese invaded Goa in 1510, defeating the Bijapur Sultanate. The Portuguese rule lasted for about 450 years, and heavily influenced Goan culture, cuisine, and architecture. In 1961, India took control over Goa after a 36-hour battle and integrated it with the Indian Territory.

Detailed explanation-2: -But Goa remained a Portuguese colony until 1961, straining relations between India and Portugal as the former’s support for the anti-colonial movement in Goa grew.

Detailed explanation-3: -Goa was Portugal’s first territorial possession in Asia, captured by Afonso de Albuquerque in 1510, and it served as the main Portuguese base in the East for four and a half centuries.

Detailed explanation-4: -In India, the action was seen as a liberation of historically Indian territory, while Portugal viewed it as an aggression against its national soil and citizens. Following the end of Portuguese rule in 1961, Goa was placed under military administration headed by Kunhiraman Palat Candeth as lieutenant governor.

Detailed explanation-5: -In a military operation conducted on 18 and 19 December 1961, Indian troops captured Goa with little resistance. The Governor-general of Portuguese India, Manuel António Vassalo e Silva, signed an instrument of surrender.