MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -It consists of both level as well as edge triggering and is used in critical power failure conditions. Hence the correct answer is Non-maskable Interrupt.

Detailed explanation-2: -In computing, a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) is a hardware interrupt that standard interrupt-masking techniques in the system cannot ignore. It typically occurs to signal attention for non-recoverable hardware errors. Some NMIs may be masked, but only by using proprietary methods specific to the particular NMI.

Detailed explanation-3: -TRAP. It is a non-maskable interrupt, having the highest priority among all interrupts. Bydefault, it is enabled until it gets acknowledged. In case of failure, it executes as ISR and sends the data to backup memory.

Detailed explanation-4: -A trap is a synchronous interrupt triggered by an exception in a user process to execute functionality. Exception conditions like invalid memory access, division by zero, or a breakpoint can trigger a trap in an OS. A trap changes the mode of an OS to a kernel routine.

Detailed explanation-5: -The vector addresses of hardware interrupts are given in table above in previous page. The TRAP, RST 7.5, RST 6.5 and RST 5.5 are vectored interrupts. The INTR is a non-vectored interrupt. Hence when a device interrupts through INTR, it has to supply the address of ISR after receiving interrupt acknowledge signal.