MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -Specifically for ARM, the ARM architecture does not have memory-mapped CPU registers.

Detailed explanation-2: -ARM Memory Organization. The Cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 have a predefined memory map. This allows the built-in peripherals, such as the interrupt controller and the debug components, to be accessed by simple memory access instructions. Thus, most system features are accessible in program code.

Detailed explanation-3: -There are two memory types in Armv8-A, and Armv9-A: Normal memory and Device memory.

Detailed explanation-4: -What Is Memory-Mapping? Memory-mapping is a mechanism that maps a portion of a file, or an entire file, on disk to a range of addresses within an application’s address space. The application can then access files on disk in the same way it accesses dynamic memory.

Detailed explanation-5: -ARM uses a load-store model for memory access which means that only load/store (LDR and STR) instructions can access memory. While on x86 most instructions are allowed to directly operate on data in memory, on ARM data must be moved from memory into registers before being operated on.