MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -An interrupt controller provides a programmable governing policy that allows software to determine which peripheral or device can interrupt the processor at any specific time by setting the appropriate bits in the interrupt controller registers.

Detailed explanation-2: -In computing, interrupt latency refers to the delay between the start of an Interrupt Request (IRQ) and the start of the respective Interrupt Service Routine (ISR). For many operating systems, devices are serviced as soon as the device’s interrupt handler is executed.

Detailed explanation-3: -An interrupt is a signal to the processor emitted by hardware or software indicating an event that needs immediate attention. Whenever an interrupt occurs, the controller completes the execution of the current instruction and starts the execution of an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) or Interrupt Handler.

Detailed explanation-4: -The SIGNAL instruction, like CALL, interrupts the usual flow of a program and causes control to pass to a specified label. The label to which control passes can be before or after the SIGNAL instruction. Unlike CALL, SIGNAL does not return to a specific instruction to resume execution.