MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or “chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

Detailed explanation-2: -In computers, the chip is made up of a thin layer of silicon. Computer chips are made of silicon, which is a semiconductor, and in order to make the most efficient use of it, chip manufacturers use sand that contains as much silicon as possible.

Detailed explanation-3: -Silicon is the material of choice in the chip industry. Unlike the metals normally used to conduct electrical currents, silicon is a ‘semiconductor’, meaning that its conductive properties can be increased by mixing it with other materials such as phosphorus or boron.

Detailed explanation-4: -CPU chips or central processing unit chips are used in digital computers and are the semiconductor component where most calculations take place.

Detailed explanation-5: -The ‘IC’(Integrated chip), used in computers, is made of silicon. Mono-crystal silicon wafers (or for special applications, silicon on sapphire or gallium arsenide wafers) are used as the substrate.