MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -3.1 Arduino Architecture. Basically, the processor of the Arduino board is based on the Harvard architecture, where the program code and program data use separate memory. It consists of two separate memories, program memory and data memory.

Detailed explanation-2: -Harvard architecture is used primary for small embedded computers and signal processing (DSP). Von Neumann is better for desktop computers, laptops, workstations and high performance computers. Some computers may use advantages from both architectures. Typically they use two separated memories.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nowadays, computers typically use Von-Neumann Architecture, which reflects the idea of the stored program concept. The Von Neumann Architecture uses the stored program concept where instructions and data are loaded from main memory into the processor to be executed.

Detailed explanation-4: -The Harvard architecture is a computer architecture with separate storage and signal pathways for instructions and data. It contrasts with the von Neumann architecture, where program instructions and data share the same memory and pathways.

Detailed explanation-5: -Harvard architecture is a type of computer architecture that separates its memory into two parts so data and instructions are stored separately. The architecture also has separate buses for data transfers and instruction fetches. This allows the CPU to fetch data and instructions at the same time.