MICROPROCESSOR AND MICROCONTROLLER

Detailed explanation-1: -Registers are the memory locations that the CPU can access directly. The registers contain operands or the instructions that the processor is currently accessing. Registers are the smallest data storage unit integrated into the CPU.

Detailed explanation-2: -A memory data register is used to hold data that will be stored or fetched from the computer memory, also known as random-access memory (RAM). The memory data register serves primarily as a buffer, storing everything that can be copied from the computer memory and used by the processor for subsequent tasks.

Detailed explanation-3: -The data most frequently used by the CPU is stored in cache memory. The fastest portion of the CPU cache is the register file, which contains multiple registers. Registers are small storage locations used by the CPU to store instructions and data.

Detailed explanation-4: -Memory Buffer Register (MBR) – Holds the content of the memory location read from or written to the memory. Stack Pointer Register (SPR) – Used to manage the stack and store the values on top of the stack. Accumulator Register (AX) – Used to store intermediate arithmetic and logical results.

Detailed explanation-5: -Primary Memory (Main Memory) It is generally made up of semiconductor device. These memories are not as fast as registers. The data and instruction required to be processed resides in the main memory. It is divided into two subcategories RAM and ROM.