MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Mechanism of Action H2RAs decrease gastric acid secretion by reversibly binding to histamine H2 receptors located on gastric parietal cells, thereby inhibiting the binding and activity of the endogenous ligand histamine. H2 blockers thus function as competitive antagonists.

Detailed explanation-2: -In the final step, the three NADH and one FADH2 amassed from the previous steps are used in oxidative phosphorylation, to make water and ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation has two parts: the electron transport chain (ETC) and chemiosmosis.

Detailed explanation-3: -The next major step occurs in the cytochrome oxidase complex. This step requires four electrons. These four electrons interact with a molecular oxygen molecule and eight hydrogen ions. The four electrons, four of the hydrogen ions, and the molecular oxygen, are used to form two water molecules.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrogen ions flow down their electrochemical gradient back into the matrix through ATP synthase channels which capture their energy to convert ADP to ATP. Notice that the process regenerated NAD+, supplying the electron acceptor molecule needed in glycolysis.