MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The energy generated by the hydrogen ion stream allows ATP synthase to attach a third phosphate to ADP, which forms a molecule of ATP in a process called photophosphorylation.

Detailed explanation-2: -In general, the main energy source for cellular metabolism is glucose, which is catabolized in the three subsequent processes-glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA or Krebs cycle), and finally oxidative phosphorylation-to produce ATP.

Detailed explanation-3: -During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons derived from NADH and FADH2 combine with O2, and the energy released from these oxidation/ reduction reactions is used to drive the synthesis of ATP from ADP.

Detailed explanation-4: -Hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane through a membrane protein called ATP synthase. As protons move through ATP synthase, ADP is turned into ATP.