MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Glycolysis, which is the first step in all types of cellular respiration is anaerobic and does not require oxygen. If oxygen is present, the pathway will continue on to the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. However, if oxygen is not present, some organisms can undergo fermentation to continually produce ATP.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anaerobic processes do not use oxygen, so the pyruvate product-ATP is one kind of pyruvate-remains in place to be broken down or catalyzed by other reactions, such as what occurs in muscle tissue or in fermentation.

Detailed explanation-3: -The glycolysis process results in the production of two molecules of 3-carbon pyruvate and two molecules of an electron acceptor called nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). This process also produces two molecules of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Therefore, the correct option is B.

Detailed explanation-4: -Glycolysis produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule, and thus provides a direct means of producing energy in the absence of oxygen. This process of breaking down glucose in the absence of oxygen is aptly named anaerobic glycolysis.[1]