MUSCLE PHYSIOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Hexokinase II phosphorylates glucose to regulate glucose metabolism but also functions as a protective signaling molecule. Hexokinase II is the predominant isoform in insulin-sensitive tissues and upregulated in tumors.

Detailed explanation-2: -Glucose is phosphorylated by hexokinase to make Glucose-6-Phosphate. The enzyme is so named because it is a kinase (puts a phosphate group on) that acts on a hexose (six-carbon sugar). In this case, it places the phosphate on the 6-carbon of glucose.

Detailed explanation-3: -Hexokinase phosphorylates glucose using ATP as the source of the phosphate, producing glucose-6-phosphate, a more reactive form of glucose.

Detailed explanation-4: -A hexokinase is an enzyme that phosphorylates a six-carbon sugar, a hexose, to a hexose phosphate. In most tissues and organisms, glucose is the most important substrate of hexokinases, and glucose 6-phosphate the most important product.

Detailed explanation-5: -Hexokinase (HK), a glycolytic, regulatory enzyme, phosphorylates glucose to glucose-6-phosphate. During this investment step, a phosphate is cleaved from adenosine triphosphate (ATP), providing a phosphate for glucose-6-phosphate via conversion of ATP to adenosine diphosphate (ADP).