NURSING ANM AND GNM

NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Acetylcholine is an important chemical signal in the nervous system. Once acetylcholine is released, it is quickly broken down into other chemicals because of the activity of cholinesterase. Cholinesterase is which of the following?
A
A hormone
B
A lipid
C
An enzyme
D
An organelle
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -Acetylcholine in the synapse is broken down by an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase into choline and acetate. These products are reabsorbed and recycled so they can be used again in transmitting another chemical message.

Detailed explanation-2: - Once acetylcholine has activated its receptor to transmit its signal, it needs to be broken down to prepare the synapse for the arrival of the next signal; this is accomplished by the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which removes acetylcholine from the synapse by breaking it down into inactive fragments.

Detailed explanation-3: -The release of acetylcholine occurs when an action potential is relayed and reaches the axon terminus in which depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open and conduct an influx of calcium, which will allow the vesicles containing acetylcholine for release into the synaptic cleft.

Detailed explanation-4: -Excessive accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) at the neuromuscular junctions and synapses causes symptoms of both muscarinic and nicotinic toxicity. These include cramps, increased salivation, lacrimation, muscular weakness, paralysis, muscular fasciculation, diarrhea, and blurry vision.

There is 1 question to complete.