NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -CPS1 catalyzes the first step of the urea cycle by condensing ammonia with bicarbonate, generating carbamoyl phosphate that is eventually incorporated into urea and excreted by the kidneys.

Detailed explanation-2: -CPS I is the most plentiful single protein in hepatic mitochondria, accounting for about 20% of the matrix protein. CPS II is exclusively cytosolic and is an important enzyme in de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides.

Detailed explanation-3: -Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I (CPS I) is located in the inner membrane of mitochondria in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the kidneys and small intestine. It supplies carbamoyl phosphate for the urea cycle. CPS I is specific for ammonia as nitrogen donor and requires N-acetylglutamate as activator.

Detailed explanation-4: -CPS1 and CPS2 both utilize bicarbonate and ATP as substrates; however, they differ in their use of a nitrogen source. While CPS1 utilizes ammonia directly, CPS2 instead uses glutamine as a source of nitrogen, hydrolyzing glutamine to ammonia and glutamate at its N-terminal glutamine amido transferase domain.