NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
BIOCHEMISTRY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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The enzymes die.
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The shapes of the enzyme are altered denature
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The enzymes’ amino acid sequence changes.
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The enzymes remain the same
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Detailed explanation-1: -Temperature: Raising temperature generally speeds up a reaction, and lowering temperature slows down a reaction. However, extreme high temperatures can cause an enzyme to lose its shape (denature) and stop working. pH: Each enzyme has an optimum pH range. Changing the pH outside of this range will slow enzyme activity.
Detailed explanation-2: -Because enzymes are proteins, they are denatured by heat. Therefore, at higher temperatures (over about 55°C in the graph below) there is a rapid loss of activity as the protein suffers irreversible denaturation.
Detailed explanation-3: -Heat can break hydrogen and ionic bonds, which disrupts the shape of the enzyme and will change the shape of the active site. Cold temperatures do not denature enzymes because cold does not cause chemical bonds to break. Enzymes are suited to function best within a certain temperature, pH, and salt concentration range.
Detailed explanation-4: -How is an enzyme’s shape affected when it becomes denatured? it becomes distorted, it can no longer bind to its substrate, it no longer works correctly.