NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
BIOCHEMISTRY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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It causes liver cells to take in glucose and store it as glycogen.
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It causes liver cells to release stored glycogen as glucose.
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Either A or B
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Insulin acts to increase uptake of glucose in the liver, decreasing gluconeogenesis and promoting glycogen synthesis. Thus, the hyperglycemia in the presence of high doses of insulin cause excessive production and storage of glycogen in the liver.
Detailed explanation-2: -A spike in insulin signals the liver that a person’s blood glucose level is also high, causing the liver to absorb glucose and change it into glycogen. When blood sugar levels drop, glucagon instructs the liver to convert the glycogen back to glucose, causing a person’s blood sugar levels to return to normal.
Detailed explanation-3: -Insulin also signals the liver to store blood sugar for later use. Blood sugar enters cells, and levels in the bloodstream decrease, signaling insulin to decrease too.
Detailed explanation-4: -Insulin serves to increase PPI substrate-specific activity on glycogen particles, in turn stimulating the synthesis of glycogen from glucose in the liver. There are a variety of hepatic metabolic enzymes under the direct control of insulin through gene transcription.
Detailed explanation-5: -Insulin regulates glucose levels in the bloodstream and induces glucose storage in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue, resulting in overall weight gain.