NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -The biofilm is used to describe the communities of micro-organisms attached to a surface; such microbes are usually spatially organized into three-dimension structure and are enclosed in matrix of extracellular material derived both from the cells themselves and from the environment.

Detailed explanation-2: -Biofilms are now defined as microbial sessile communities, often multispecies, irreversibly attached to a surface, either biotic or abiotic, and embedded in a self-produced matrix consisting of polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acid.

Detailed explanation-3: -Both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria can form biofilms on medical devices, but the most common forms are Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa [7].

Detailed explanation-4: -Bacterial biofilms are clusters of bacteria that are attached to a surface and/or to each other and embedded in a self-produced matrix. The biofilm matrix consists of substances like proteins (e.g., fibrin), polysaccharide (e.g., alginate), as well as eDNA.