NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
MICROBIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions.
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existing in a very narrow niche.
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using chemicals for energy production.
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using light for energy production.
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Detailed explanation-1: -As an adjective, obligate means “by necessity” (antonym facultative) and is used mainly in biology in phrases such as: Obligate aerobe, an organism that cannot survive without oxygen. Obligate anaerobe, an organism that cannot survive in the presence of oxygen.
Detailed explanation-2: -The term facultative refers to. the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions. A microaerophile. requires a small amount of oxygen but won’t grow at normal atmospheric levels.
Detailed explanation-3: -Examples of obligately aerobic bacteria include Mycobacterium tuberculosis (acid-fast), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram-negative), Bacillus (Gram-positive), and Nocardia asteroides (Gram-positive). With the exception of the yeasts, most fungi are obligate aerobes. Also, almost all algae are obligate aerobes.
Detailed explanation-4: -The prefixes photo-(“light”) and chemo-(“chemical”) refer to the energy sources that various organisms use. Those that get their energy for electron transfer from light are phototrophs, whereas chemotrophs obtain energy for electron transfer by breaking chemical bonds.