NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
MICROBIOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Transcription
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Cell membrane functions
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Energy and coenzyme production
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Carbohydrate metabolism
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Detailed explanation-1: -genomes of Bacteria and Archaea show a strong correlation between genome size and open reading frame (ORF) content (Figure 9.7). Regardless of the organism, each megabase pair of DNA in a prokaryotic cell encodes about 1000 ORFs, and as the size of these genomes increases, the gene number also increases proportionally.
Detailed explanation-2: -The composition of the cell wall differs significantly between the domains Bacteria and Archaea. Bacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan, a complex of protein and sugars, while archaeal cell walls are composed of polysaccharides (sugars).
Detailed explanation-3: -In prokaryotes, horizontal gene transfer (HGT), the introduction of genetic material from one organism to another organism within the same generation, is an important way to introduce genetic diversity. HGT allows even distantly related species to share genes, influencing their phenotypes.