NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -Mutants with resistance against these herbicides have been discovered in various plants like Arabidopsis, rice, tobacco, maize, wheat, sugar beet, common sunflower, and so on (Tan et al., 2005; Tranel and Wright, 2002).

Detailed explanation-2: -Pest resistant GM crops (primarily cotton and maize), have been genetically modified so they are toxic to certain insects. They are often called Bt crops because the introduced genes were originally identified in a bacterial species called Bacillus thuringiensis.

Detailed explanation-3: -Biotechnology can be used to enhance the management of weeds in several ways. Crops have been made resistant to herbicides by inserting transgenes that impart herbicide resistance into the plant genome.

Detailed explanation-4: -Species include giant ragweed, tall waterhemp, and common ragweed. A tall waterhemp biotype is resistant to PPO inhibitors (Group 14). Biotypes of three species are resistant to two sites of action: ALS inhibitors (2) and glyphosate (9). Species include tall waterhemp, giant ragweed, and common ragweed.