NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -Buphthalmos is an eye condition that’s present at birth. Enlarged eyeballs may be obvious at birth or right after birth. Glaucoma (high pressure as a result of fluid building up) commonly causes buphthalmos. It requires early treatment to prevent serious vision loss.

Detailed explanation-2: -At present, the term “buphthalmos” is used to describe the visible enlargement of the eyeball detected at birth or soon after, due to any uncontrolled glaucoma in early childhood.

Detailed explanation-3: -Exophthalmos is a normal-sized globe that is being pushed forward by a space occupying lesion in the orbit, most commonly a retrobulbar abscess/cellulitis or neoplasia. Buphthalmos, on the other hand, is a normally-positioned globe that is enlarged due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), i.e., glaucoma.

Detailed explanation-4: -Corneal diameter of greater than 11mm before the age of one year or corneal diameter greater than 13mm at any age are diagnostic criteria for buphthalmos.

Detailed explanation-5: -Description: Isolated congenital megalocornea is a rare bilateral nonprogressive disorder in which the corneas are enlarged at birth. It is important to differentiate it from buphthalmos caused by congenital glaucoma which is accompanied by high intraocular pressure and increased axial length.