NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
PATHOLOGY AND GENETICS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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True
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False
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Either A or B
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -In cultured endothelial cells, FGF-2 induces an angiogenic phenotype consisting of increased proliferation, survival, migration, proteinase production, and expression of specific integrins [5, 6].
Detailed explanation-2: -VEGF and TGF-beta1 induce angiogenesis but have opposing effects on endothelial cells.
Detailed explanation-3: -In healthy humans, VEGF promotes angiogenesis in embryonic development and is important in wound healing in adults. VEGF is the key mediator of angiogenesis in cancer, in which it is up-regulated by oncogene expression, a variety of growth factors and also hypoxia.
Detailed explanation-4: -Among the most commonly described angiogenic growth factors and cytokines include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-), and the angiopoietins (Ang).