NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -Babies in the womb encounter no microbes until they are born. Most babies get their first big dose of microbes at birth, while traveling through the birth canal, then pick up more while breastfeeding.

Detailed explanation-2: -In other words, the “in utero colonization” hypothesis would be prohibitive of the derivation of germ-free offspring through cesarean-sections, while the “sterile womb” hypothesis forbids the colonization of the offspring by microbes detected in utero.

Detailed explanation-3: -For decades, the fetal microenvironment was thought to be devoid of any bacteria, an idea known as the sterile womb hypothesis. However, recent studies have identified viable bacteria in the fetal intestine.

Detailed explanation-4: -Most of a baby’s gut microbiota is acquired during the birth and its first few days of life through breast feeding, although its diet after weaning and environmental factors contribute too.