NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -Background: Scalloping of duodenal folds as well as a mosaic mucosal pattern, decreased folds, and increased vascularity are markers of duodenal mucosal injury, the most common cause being celiac disease. We have recognized scalloping in patients with a variety of conditions other than celiac disease.

Detailed explanation-2: -In celiac disease, the villi become shortened and eventually flatten out . Intestinal damage causes diarrhea and poor absorption of nutrients, which may lead to weight loss. Abdominal pain, swelling (distention), and food intolerances are common in celiac disease.

Detailed explanation-3: -Scalloping of the duodenal mucosal folds is an endoscopic finding of small bowel mucosal pathology that is generally due to villous atrophy. Though it can be seen in many disease processes, it is most commonly associated with celiac disease.

Detailed explanation-4: -But when you have celiac disease, gluten in your small intestine triggers an immune response. Your immune system sends inflammatory cells and antibodies to destroy the gluten molecules. These cells damage the mucous membrane lining your small intestine (mucosa).

Detailed explanation-5: -Blunted or atrophic villi. This is a shrinking and flattening of the villi due to repeated gluten exposure.