NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
PATHOLOGY AND GENETICS
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Lymphocytes use cytokines to interact with macrophages and migrate to inflammatory site using adhesion molecules and chemokines
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Eosinophils contain a protein toxic to bacteria and use eotaxin and adhesion molecules for extrastation
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Mast cells live in the CT of areas with contact with the external environment
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Mast cells produce cytokines contributing to fibrosis in chronic inflammation
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Detailed explanation-1: -Mast cells are key players in the inflammatory response as they can be activated to release a wide variety of inflammatory mediators, by many different antigens including allergens, pathogens and physiological mediators.
Detailed explanation-2: -Mast Cells Produce IL-4 and IL-13 Mast cell cytokine secretion plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic disease and inflammation [16]. Among the cytokines produced by human and mouse mast cells are IL-4 and IL-13. In fact, IL-4 was the first cytokine shown to be made by mast cells, in 1987 [4, 17–20].
Detailed explanation-3: -Repeated injuries, chronic inflammation. Repeated injuries, chronic inflammation and repair are susceptible to fibrosis where an accidental excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix components, such as the collagen is produced by fibroblasts, leading to the formation of a permanent fibrotic scar.
Detailed explanation-4: -In addition to inflammatory mediators, mast cells can also produce a variety of cytokines including TNF- and Th2-associated cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-13, which are all important players in the pathogenesis of allergic reactions (2, 3, 4).