NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -In some cases, the efficiency of a liquid-liquid extraction process can be strongly improved by modifying the distribution coefficient. Thus, an organic acid would prefer the nonpolar solvent when not dissociated (i.e., at low pH) and the aqueous solvent when dissociated (i.e., at high pH).

Detailed explanation-2: -Temperature is the most important parameter used in accelerated solvent extraction. As the temperature is increased, the viscosity of the solvent is reduced, thereby increasing its ability to wet the matrix and solubilize the target analytes. This enables the solvent to penetrate the pores of the matrix more easily.

Detailed explanation-3: -Extraction efficiency-that is, the percentage of solute that moves from one phase to the other-is determined by the equilibrium constant for the solute’s partitioning between the phases and any other side reactions that involve the solute.