NURSING EXAM QUESTIONS
PHARMACOLOGY
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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Long acting muscarinic antagonist
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Long acting beta agonist
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Short acting muscarinic antagonist
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Short acting beta agonist
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Detailed explanation-1: -Ipratropium is an acetylcholine antagonist via blockade of muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Blocking cholinergic receptors decreases the production of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). This decrease in the lung airways will lead to decreased contraction of the smooth muscles.
Detailed explanation-2: -Background: Inhaled short acting beta2 adrenergic agonists and ipratropium bromide are both used in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Detailed explanation-3: -Short-acting muscarinic antagonists (SAMAs) include ipratropium and oxitropium. They increase FEV1 with an onset of action of 10 to 15 minutes and a duration of action of 4 to 6 hours. Ipratropium improves lung function, increases exercise capacity, decreases dyspnea, and decreases cough.