NURSING ANM AND GNM

Detailed explanation-1: -Antigens are substances (usually proteins) on the surface of cells, viruses, fungi, or bacteria. Nonliving substances such as toxins, chemicals, drugs, and foreign particles (such as a splinter) can also be antigens. The immune system recognizes and destroys, or tries to destroy, substances that contain antigens.

Detailed explanation-2: -(ih-MYOON reh-SPONTS) The way the body defends itself against substances it sees as harmful or foreign. In an immune response, the immune system recognizes the antigens (usually proteins) on the surface of substances or microorganisms, such as bacteria or viruses, and attacks and destroys, or tries to destroy, them.

Detailed explanation-3: -Pollens have aqueous pollen extract proteins, proteases, lipids, and NADPH oxidases that stimulate innate immune responses. These innate immune responses recruit neutrophils, modulate dendritic cell functions, induce Th2 polarization, and stimulate allergic inflammation.