PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The cardioesophageal sphincter, or gastroesophageal sphincter, is contained within the cardia of the stomach. This sphincter acts like a door to the stomach, opening only in one direction so that food can flow into the stomach and not back up the esophagus.

Detailed explanation-2: -The part of the stomach that is closest to the esophagus. Food and liquids pass through the cardia to enter the stomach from the esophagus. A valve near the cardia helps keep stomach contents from backing up into the esophagus.

Detailed explanation-3: -The lower esophageal sphincter (LES), also termed the cardiac sphincter and cardioesophageal sphincter, is located slightly more than an inch (about 3 cm) proximally from where the esophagus meets the stomach.

Detailed explanation-4: -The part of the stomach that connects to the duodenum (first part of the small intestine). The pylorus is a valve that opens and closes during digestion. This allows partly digested food and other stomach contents to pass from the stomach to the small intestine.