PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The ER consists of the nuclear envelope and the peripheral ER, which includes smooth tubules and rough sheets. While the ER is defined as an interconnected network with a continuous membrane, the different structures that make up the ER perform very diverse and specialized functions within the cell.

Detailed explanation-2: -Rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER): They are identified by the membranes with a rough outer surface that is due to attached ribosomes. They act as a miniature circulatory system for the cell or the internal delivery system of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -The tubules and sacs are all thought to interconnect, so that the ER membrane forms a continuous sheet enclosing a single internal space. This highly convoluted space is called the ER lumen or the ER cisternal space, and it often occupies more than 10% of the total cell volume (see Table 12-1).

Detailed explanation-4: -The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a synthesis and transport organelle that branches into the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells. The Golgi apparatus is a series of multiple compartments where molecules are packaged for delivery to other cell components or for secretion from the cell.