PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -G2 phase is a period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis during which the cell prepares itself for mitosis. Curiously, G2 phase is not a necessary part of the cell cycle, as some cell types (particularly young Xenopus embryos and some cancers) proceed directly from DNA replication to mitosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -G2 Phase (Second Gap) This phase is where the cell prepares for division. Here, the cell has double the DNA and again increase in size. Some cell organelles are duplicated, and the cytoskeleton is dismantled to provide resources for the mitotic phase. There may be additional cell growth during G2.

Detailed explanation-3: -In G1, cells accomplish most of their growth; they get bigger in size and make proteins and organelles needed for normal functions of DNA synthesis. Here, proteins and RNAs are synthesized, and, more especially the centromere and the other components of the centrosomes are made.

Detailed explanation-4: -The G2 phase checkpoints monitor the integrity of DNA and the accuracy of DNA replication, and the M phase checkpoints ensure correct chromosomal segregation and alignment.