PATHOLOGY

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PATHOLOGY MCQ

CELL DAMAGE

Question [CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
Cells typically respond to DNA damage in three ways:by ceasing to grow and divide until the damage is repaired, by permanently ceasing to grow and divide, or by dying. In 2010 a group of scientists reported that a certain kind of immune reaction can cause DNA damage that leads to a fourth response. DNA damage can turn off genes involved in cell-signaling pathways. Turning off these genes can cause less-mature cells to divide too rapidly, often leading to the development of-
A
tumors
B
allergies
C
hemophilia
D
cardiovascular disease
Explanation: 

Detailed explanation-1: -DNA damage response is a natural process by which cells maintain genome integrity and prevent harmful mutations [142, 143]. Platinum-based drugs can act by inducing direct or indirect DNA damage, causing inhibition during the progression of cell-cycle progression.

Detailed explanation-2: -This regulation makes sure that cells don’t divide under unfavorable conditions (for instance, when their DNA is damaged, or when there isn’t room for more cells in a tissue or organ).

Detailed explanation-3: -Cells respond to genotoxic stress through complex protein pathways called DNA damage response (DDR). These mechanisms ensure the preservation of genomic integrity and activate DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and, ultimately, programmed cell death.

Detailed explanation-4: -The less mature cells become stuck where they are, dividing too rapidly and potentially resulting in lymphoma or leukemia. Usually DNA damage is thought to be associated with environmental factors, such as exposure to too much sun or to toxic chemicals.

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