PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Cell cycle checkpoints are surveillance mechanisms that monitor the order, integrity, and fidelity of the major events of the cell cycle. These include growth to the appropriate cell size, the replication and integrity of the chromosomes, and their accurate segregation at mitosis.

Detailed explanation-2: -If cells don’t pass the G1 checkpoint, they may “loop out” of the cell cycle and into a resting state called G0, from which they may subsequently re-enter G1 under the appropriate conditions. At the G1 checkpoint, cells decide whether or not to proceed with division based on factors such as: Cell size. Nutrients.

Detailed explanation-3: -The G2 checkpoint is used to prevent the cell from entering mitosis if there were errors in the replication of DNA during the S phase. Failure to pass the G2 checkpoint can result in apoptosis.

Detailed explanation-4: -Cell cycle checkpoints are critical to prevent the cell from progressing to the next phase of the cell cycle before the prior phase has been completed. Premature entry into the next phase of the cell cycle can result in catastrophic consequences for the cell and cell death.