PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Primase synthesizes RNA primers complementary to the DNA strand. DNA polymerase III extends the primers, adding on to the 3’ end, to make the bulk of the new DNA.

Detailed explanation-2: -For example, DNA polymerase III does most of the elongation work, adding nucleotides one by one to the 3’ end of the new and growing single strand.

Detailed explanation-3: -The nucleotide exists in the triphosphate form before being added to the chain, and the removal of two of the phosphate groups provides the energy to bind it to the growing chain. This is why nucleotides are only added on the 3’ end.

Detailed explanation-4: -DNA polymerase III starts adding nucleotides to the 3’-OH end of the primer. Elongation of both the lagging and the leading strand continues. RNA primers are removed by exonuclease activity.