PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: Division to replace damaged or worn-out cells are called cell division, in particular, MITOSIS.

Detailed explanation-2: -When damage occurs, the cell sends repair proteins to the spot to quickly resolve it. In the process of repairing itself, it may be destroyed or converted to a cancer cell. These mechanisms were identified previously by three other scientists, which resulted in a Nobel Prize in Chemistry earlier this month.

Detailed explanation-3: -If a cell dies, the body will remove it and replace it with another functioning cell, or fill the gap with connective tissue to provide structural support for the remaining cells. The motto of the repair process is to fill a gap caused by the damaged cells to regain structural continuity.

Detailed explanation-4: -The protein, p53, is known as the “guardian of the genome” because it is activated when cells are under stress and prevents damaged cells from growing.