PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -During prophase, the complex of DNA and proteins contained in the nucleus, known as chromatin, condenses. The chromatin coils and becomes increasingly compact, resulting in the formation of visible chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-2: -Chromosomes become visible during prophase.

Detailed explanation-3: -Prophase I is divided into 5 distinctive sub-stages: Leptotene – The chromosomes begin to condense and are attached to the nuclear membrane via their telomeres. Zygotene – Synapsis begins with a synaptonemal complex forming between homologous chromosomes.

Detailed explanation-4: -In prophase, each chromosome becomes condensed and more visible, and there is the breakdown of the nuclear membrane and appearance of spindle fibers. In the next phase, metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate.

Detailed explanation-5: -Metaphase During metaphase, the nucleus dissolves and the cell’s chromosomes condense and move together, aligning in the center of the dividing cell. At this stage, the chromosomes are distinguishable when viewed through a microscope.