PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The process by which the information in genes flows into proteins: DNA → RNA → protein. Polypeptide. A chain of amino acids. Codon. A sequence of three nucleotides that corresponds with a specific amino acid or start/stop signal during translation.

Detailed explanation-2: -2.2 Peptide Nucleic Acid. Peptide nucleic acid (PNA) is a totally artificial molecule that is used as a DNA analog in genetic engineering. PNA is just what its name indicates, consisting of a polypeptide backbone with nucleic acid bases attached as side chains.

Detailed explanation-3: -Nucleic acids, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), carry genetic information which is read in cells to make the RNA and proteins by which living things function. The well-known structure of the DNA double helix allows this information to be copied and passed on to the next generation.

Detailed explanation-4: -polypeptides-proteins are polypeptides, not DNA or RNA.