PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The sister chromatids are pairs of identical copies of DNA joined at a point called the centromere. During anaphase, each pair of chromosomes is separated into two identical, independent chromosomes. The chromosomes are separated by a structure called the mitotic spindle.

Detailed explanation-2: -Anaphase: During anaphase, the centromere splits, allowing the sister chromatids to separate. The kinetochore spindle fibers shorten, allowing for 46 of the newly-freed chromatids to be dragged to one end of the cell and the remaining 46 chromatids to be dragged to the opposite end of the cell.

Detailed explanation-3: -Timing of Centromere Splitting In mitosis, the cohesion of sister chromatids at the centromere lapses at the end of metaphase, enabling the daughter chromosomes to move apart towards the two poles of the spindle. In meiosis, in contrast, the chromatids remain joined at the centromere at the first anaphase.

Detailed explanation-4: -In anaphase II, the sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. In telophase II, nuclear membranes form around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes decondense.

Detailed explanation-5: -The centromere holding the sister chromatids splits and the chromatids separate. These separated chromatids are pulled to opposite poles by spindle fibres. This occurs during anaphase. Q.