PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Then, a protein known as helicase attaches to and breaks apart the hydrogen bonds between the bases on the DNA strands, thereby pulling apart the two strands. As the helicase moves along the DNA molecule, it continues breaking these hydrogen bonds and separating the two polynucleotide chains (Figure 1).

Detailed explanation-2: -Helicases are enzymes that are responsible for untwisting the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two strands and making them available to serve as templates for DNA replication.

Detailed explanation-3: -Key enzyme involved in DNA replication, it is responsible for ‘unzipping’ the double helix structure by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases on opposite strands of the DNA molecule.

Detailed explanation-4: -Helicases are motor proteins that unwind double stranded nucleic acids by utilizing free energy from ATP hydrolysis. They are ubiquitous enzymes in the cellular milieu functioning in diverse processes including DNA replication, DNA repair, RNA transcription and translation (1).