PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -The G2 checkpoint ensures all of the chromosomes have been replicated and that the replicated DNA is not damaged before cell enters mitosis. The M checkpoint determines whether all the sister chromatids are correctly attached to the spindle microtubules before the cell enters the irreversible anaphase stage.

Detailed explanation-2: -The G2 checkpoint prevents cells from entering mitosis when DNA is damaged, providing an opportunity for repair and stopping the proliferation of damaged cells. Because the G2 checkpoint helps to maintain genomic stability, it is an important focus in understanding the molecular causes of cancer.

Detailed explanation-3: -The G2-phase checkpoint, also known as G2/M-phase checkpoint, has the function of preventing cells with damaged DNA, lasting from the G1 and S phases or generated in G2, from undergoing mitosis. The mechanisms acting during the G2-phase checkpoint converge on the inhibition of the mitotic complex CDK1-cyclin B.

Detailed explanation-4: -So, what happens in G2 of the cell cycle? The second growth phase starts to prepare the cells with newly replicated DNA for entry into the mitosis phase by putting in place the necessary organelles for mitosis.

Detailed explanation-5: -The next checkpoint is the G2 checkpoint, where the cell checks and makes sure the DNA replicated correctly before beginning mitosis. If the cell does not pass this checkpoint, it commences apoptosis and dies.