PATHOLOGY MCQ
CELL DAMAGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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to produce growth signals
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to code for proteins that inhibit, or slow, cell division
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to cause the cell to move faster through the cell cycle
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to attack cancer cells in the body
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Detailed explanation-1: -Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that slow down cell division or tell cells to die at the right time (a process known as apoptosis or programmed cell death). When tumor suppressor genes don’t work properly, cells can grow out of control, which can lead to cancer.
Detailed explanation-2: -Examples of inhibitory proteins encoded by tumor suppressor genes are the p53 protein (functions as tumor suppression), APC protein (mutation in APC gene leads to colon cancer), and Rb protein (serves as a checkpoint for cell cycle control at the gap1 or G1 phase).
Detailed explanation-3: -Types of Tumor Suppressor Genes Each type has a different function: Telling cells to slow down and stop dividing. Repairing damage to cellular DNA that results from dividing and could lead to cancer. Causing damaged cells to start a process called programmed cell death, or apoptosis.
Detailed explanation-4: -Tumor suppressor genes are segments of DNA that code for negative regulator proteins, which keep the cell from undergoing uncontrolled division. Mutated p53 genes are believed to be responsible for causing tumor growth because they turn off the regulatory mechanisms that keep cells from dividing out of control.