PATHOLOGY MCQ
CELL DAMAGE
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Question
[CLICK ON ANY CHOICE TO KNOW THE RIGHT ANSWER]
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cell crowding and a decrease in surface area to volume ratio
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cell crowding and decrease in growth hormone
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Either A or B
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None of the above
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Detailed explanation-1: -Two groups of proteins, cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), are responsible for promoting the cell cycle.
Detailed explanation-2: -The spindle checkpoint inhibits cell cycle progression in response to a signal generated by mitotic spindle damage or by chromosomes that have not attached to microtubules. This prevents chromosome dysfunction and exit from mitosis until all of the kinetochores (and thus chromosomes) are attached to the spindle.
Detailed explanation-3: -For a typical dividing mammalian cell, growth occurs in the G1 phase of the cell cycle and is tightly coordinated with S-phase (DNA synthesis) and M phase (mitosis). The combined influence of growth factors, hormones, and nutrient availability provides the external cues for cells to grow.
Detailed explanation-4: -Chemical and physical signals include several chemicals released which could be the excitatory or inhibitory mechanisms. Cell to cell contact – when the cell gets in touch with another, it generally stops growing. Different growth factors – cells give out chemical signals which indicate other signals to grow. More items