PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), also known as dwarfism or pituitary dwarfism, is a condition caused by insufficient amounts of growth hormone in the body. Children with GHD have abnormally short stature with normal body proportions. GHD can be present at birth (congenital) or develop later (acquired).

Detailed explanation-2: -Acromegaly is a hormonal disorder that develops when your pituitary gland produces too much growth hormone during adulthood. When you have too much growth hormone, your bones increase in size. In childhood, this leads to increased height and is called gigantism.

Detailed explanation-3: -The explanation for the correct option: The anterior pituitary gland produces growth hormones. Oversecretion of GH causes aberrant bodily growth, resulting in gigantism. The inadequate secretion causes stunted growth, resulting in dwarfism.

Detailed explanation-4: -Too little growth hormone (deficiency) results in poor growth in children. In adults, it causes a reduced sense of wellbeing, increased fat, increased risk of heart disease and weak heart, muscles and bones.

Detailed explanation-5: -Growth hormone deficiency (GHD, or pituitary dwarfism) is a rare condition in which your pituitary gland doesn’t release enough growth hormone (GH, or somatotropin). GHD can affect infants, children and adults. Children with GHD are shorter than expected with normal body proportions.