PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Through its various hormones, particularly glucagon and insulin, the pancreas maintains blood glucose levels within a very narrow range of 4–6 mM. This preservation is accomplished by the opposing and balanced actions of glucagon and insulin, referred to as glucose homeostasis.

Detailed explanation-2: -The most important hormone that the pancreas produces is insulin. Insulin is released by the ‘beta cells’ in the islets of Langerhans in response to food. Its role is to lower glucose levels in the bloodstream and promote the storage of glucose in fat, muscle, liver and other body tissues.

Detailed explanation-3: -The pancreas is supposed to automatically produces the right amount of insulin to move glucose from blood into the cells. In people with diabetes, the pancreas either produces little or no insulin, or the cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced. The glucose builds up in the blood.