PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a hormone your parathyroid glands release to control calcium levels in your blood. It also controls phosphorus and vitamin D levels. If your body has too much or too little parathyroid hormone, it can cause symptoms related to abnormal blood calcium levels.

Detailed explanation-2: -Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the blood, largely by increasing the levels when they are too low. It does this through its actions on the kidneys, bones and intestine: Bones – parathyroid hormone stimulates the release of calcium from large calcium stores in the bones into the bloodstream.

Detailed explanation-3: -For kidney tubules, PTH and FGF23 are the key regulators for the transport of calcium and phosphate (1, 5, 9). For bone, PTH and CT are the major regulators of cellular calcium and phosphate transport, while vitamin D provides appropriate concentrations of these minerals through it’s GI and perhaps renal actions (1-3).

Detailed explanation-4: -In bone, parathyroid hormone increases bone turnover, resulting in a release of calcium and phosphorus from bone. Lastly, PTH works directly on the kidney to increase renal calcium reabsorption and decrease renal phosphorus reabsorption. The net effect is a rise in serum calcium but no net change in serum phosphorus.