PATHOLOGY

Detailed explanation-1: -Answer and Explanation: The surrogate mother develops the clone in her uterus during the cloning process. To create a clone, the DNA from the donor is placed in an egg cell. The egg cell is then allowed to develop into a ball of growing cells and is implanted into the surrogate mother’s uterus.

Detailed explanation-2: -Reproductive cloning is defined as the deliberate production of genetically identical individuals. Each newly produced individual is a clone of the original. Monozygotic (identical) twins are natural clones.

Detailed explanation-3: -Today most cloning is performed with plasmid vectors. The plasmid vectors most widely used for gene cloning are small circular molecules of double-stranded DNA derived from larger plasmids that occur naturally in bacterial cells.

Detailed explanation-4: -A clone refers to the offspring of an organism which is formed through asexual reproduction. Since they possess exact copies of the DNA from their parent, so clones exhibit remarkable similarity.